Gizmorama
July 12, 2010
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Good Morning,
U.S. researchers agree with what sounds like an elementary
idea; beneficial none the less. Biofuel centers that could
be moved to the agricultural waste, rather than stationary
plants, would be more product savvy. Read all the details
in the first article.
Until Next Time,
Erin
Questions? Comments? Email me at: mailto:gizmo@gophercentral.com
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Researchers propose movable biofuel center
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. - If agricultural waste can't go to a
biofuel processing center, then the processing center should
go to the agricultural waste, U.S. researchers theorized.
Researchers at Purdue University propose creating mobile
processing plants that would roam the Midwest to produce bio-
fuels using a technique called fast-hydropyrolysis-hydro-
deoxygenation, the West Lafayette, Ind., university said
this week in a release. Researchers said biomass and hydro-
gen would be fed into a high-pressure reactor and subjected
to extremely fast heating, rising to as hot as 900 degrees
F in less than a second in the biofuel process. "What's
important is that you can process all kinds of available
biomass -- wood chips, switch grass, corn stover, rice
husks, wheat straw," said Rakesh Agrawal, the Winthrop E.
Stone distinguished professor of chemical engineering.
Hydrogen for the mobile plants would be derived from natural
gas or the biomass itself, researchers said. However, Agrawal
said he can see solar power eventually being used to produce
hydrogen by splitting water, making the new technology
entirely renewable. Agrawal and other researchers said the
new method would produce nearly twice as much biofuel as
current technologies when hydrogen is derived from natural
gas, and one-and-a-half times the liquid fuel when hydrogen
is derived from the biomass itself.
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Cyber shield would protect U.S. computers
WASHINGTON - A new U.S. government program is designed to
detect cyberattacks on crucial agencies in the private and
public sectors, sources tell The Wall Street Journal. The
expansive program called "Perfect Citizen" would protect
private companies and government agencies running crucial
infrastructure, such as the electricity grid and nuclear
power plants, the Journal said. The surveillance would be
conducted by the government's chief eavesdropping agency,
the National Security Agency, and would rely on sensors
deployed in computer networks. The Journal said the system
would be triggered by activity suggesting an impending cyber
assault, though sources said the program would not consis-
tently monitor the whole infrastructure system. Raytheon
Corp. recently won a classified contract for the initial
phase of the program, valued at up to $100 million, a source
told the Journal. Both the NSA and Raytheon declined to com-
ment. The Journal said some private and government officials
say the program is an intrusion by the NSA into domestic
affairs, while other officials say the job can only be done
by the NSA. The newspaper said U.S. intelligence officials
are increasingly worried about what appears to be Chinese
and Russian surveillance of computer systems that control
U.S. infrastructure.
Dark cloud a real star producer
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. - A mysterious cloud is forming stars
at a furious rate inside one of the galaxy's colossal nebula,
Pennsylvania State University researchers said. A wave of
massive star formation appears ready to begin within the
dark cloud, named M17 SWex, in the Milky Way, the Univer-
sity Park, Pa., institution said Wednesday in a release. The
dark cloud is part of the larger nebula known as M17, a re-
gion of the galaxy with a bright, central star cluster. "We
believe we've managed to observe this dark cloud in a very
early phase of star formation before its most massive stars
have ignited," said Penn State astronomer Matthew Povich,
a post-doctoral fellow and the lead author of a study pub-
lished recently in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. The
new research could shed light on the question of how and
when massive stars form, he said. Astronomers first dis-
covered the dark cloud in the Sagittarius constellation more
than 30 years ago but only recently spotted the star nursery
using NASA's powerful Spitzer Space Telescope, Penn State
said. Spitzer's infrared vision has shown that M17 SWex is
among the Milky Way's busiest star-making factories, with
488 newly forming stars. Researchers estimate the actual
number of stars forming to be more than 10,000 since fainter
stars can't be detected with current technology. Povich
said he hopes astronomers will use M17 SWex "as a new labor-
atory for studying the mystery of how massive star formation
really happens. Most very young clouds being studied don't
have as much going on as this one does."
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Solar-power plane stays aloft for 26 hours
BERN, Switzerland - A solar-powered plane completed its test
flight, staying aloft for 26 hours and 9 minutes before
landing near in Bern, Switzerland, its pilot said Thursday.
The record-setting feat caps seven years of planning, bring-
ing the Swiss-led project a step closer to its goal of
circling the globe using only solar energy, The Daily Mail
of London reported. "We achieved more than we wanted. Every-
body is extremely happy," pilot Andre Borschberg said after
landing the Solar Impulse at the airfield where he departed
the day before. "The night is quite long, so to see the
first rays of dawn and the sun returning in the morning --
that was a gift." The single-seat plane is covered with
panels containing 12,000 solar cells designed to collect
energy from the sun's rays and power four electric motors
driving wing-mounted propellers, the British publication
said. During the night, the plane was powered by batteries
charged during the day. Borschberg said he and his team hope
to circle the globe non-stop in 2012 in a plane with a wing-
span of 262 1/2 feet compared with the 207-foot wingspan of
the Solar Impulse. While the goal is to demonstrate that
emission-free air travel is possible, the team said it
doesn't foresee solar technology replacing conventional jet
propulsion any time soon. Rather, they said, the project can
help test and promote new energy-efficient technologies.
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