Gizmorama
May 26, 2010
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Good Morning,
In the first article you will read details on a tremendous
find that will increase the production of plants used for
biofuels. This discovery, made by Israeli scientists, in-
volves the alteration of a specific plant hormone.
Until Next Time,
Erin
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Scientists find way to alter plant growth
TEL AVIV, Israel - Israeli scientists say they've found a
way to significantly boost the production of plants used to
make biofuels by discovering a way to control auxin. Tel
Aviv University Professor Shaul Yalovsky said auxin is a
powerful plant growth hormone that tells plants how to grow,
where to lay down roots, how to make tissues and how to
respond to light and gravity. Yalovsky said knowing how to
manipulate auxin could have enormous implications for the
production of biofuel, making plants grow faster and better.
Yalovsky and colleagues said they discovered a protein that
controls the way auxin moves throughout a plant. When the
protein is genetically engineered into valuable biofuel
crops such as corn, sugarcane or experimentals such as
switchgrass, the scientists said farmers can expect to get
a far larger yield than what they harvest today. "We've
found a mechanism that helps the shoot and root talk to
each other," Yalovsky said. "Somehow both parts of the
plant need to speak to each other to say 'Hey down there,
I'm up here and there's lots of sun,' or 'I'm down here in
the roots and it's too dry.' The plant's shoots need to
respond to its environment. We've discovered the mechanism
that helps auxin do its job." The findings were detailed in
a recent issue of the journal PLoS Biology.
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NASA TV to cover Soyuz landing
WASHINGTON - NASA TV says it will telecast the June 1 return
to Earth of three International Space Station crew members
aboard the Soyuz TMA-17 spacecraft. NASA said it will also
televise the June 15 launch of the newest three ISS residents
-- the 24th crew to live and work on the orbiting laboratory.
Expedition 23 Soyuz Commander Oleg Kotov, NASA astronaut T.J.
Creamer and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut
Soichi Noguchi are to land their Soyuz spacecraft June 1 on
the southern region steppe of Kazakhstan, completing nearly
six months on the station. On June 15, Russian cosmonaut
Fyodor Yurchikhin and NASA astronauts Doug Wheelock and
Shannon Walker will launch on Soyuz TMA-19 from the Baikonur
Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. They will dock at the station
June 17, joining Expedition 24 Commander Alexander Skvortsov,
NASA astronaut Tracy Caldwell Dyson and Russian cosmonaut
Mikhail Kornienko, who have been aboard the station since
April 4. NASA TV streaming video, downlink and schedule
information is available at http://www.nasa.gov/ntv.
Simulated mission to Mars about to begin
MOSCOW - The European Space Agency says the first full-
duration, 520-day simulation of a human mission to Mars is
about to begin. The ESA said the record-breaking experiment
is to start June 3 at Russia's Institute of Biomedical
Problems in Moscow when the isolation facility is sealed.
The six-member crew will live and work as astronauts do on
the International Space Station, performing maintenance
duties, scientific experiments and daily exercise. They will
follow a seven-day week, with two days off, except when
special and emergency situations are simulated, officials
said. The six crewmembers and Russian backup are Diego
Urbina, Italian/Colombian, age 27; Romain Charles, French,
31; Wang Yue, 26, China; and Russians Sukhrob Kamolov, 32;
Alexey Sitev, 38; Alexandr Smoleevskiy, 33; and Mikhail
Sinelnikov, 37. The simulation includes an interplanetary
spaceship, a Mars lander and a martian landscape.
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New method makes field-effect transistors
HOUSTON - U.S. scientists say they've made thin films of
nanotubes with ink-jet printers to create field-effect trans-
istors -- the basic element in integrated circuits. While
the scientists admitted their technique doesn't exactly scale
down to the levels required for modern microprocessors, the
Rice University researchers said it will be useful to inven-
tors wishing to print transistors on materials, especially
flexible substrates. The scientists, led by Rice faculty
fellow Robert Vajtai and Professor Pulickel Ajayan, said
they worked with researchers in Finland, Spain and Mexico
using high-end ink-jet printers and custom inks to create
their nanotube-based circuitry. They said the process in-
volved analysis of sample circuits printed with single-walled
carbon nanotubes functionalized with four types of molecules.
The researchers said they found a single layer of nanotubes-
infused ink printed onto a transparent foil didn't conduct
electricity very well. But adding layers increased the con-
nections between nanotubes, and so increased conductivity.
"The key is printing the appropriate number of layers to get
the type of conduction you want, either metallic or semicon-
ductive," Vajtai said, adding researchers made no attempt to
separate metallic from semiconducting nanotubes, which
greatly simplified the process. The research was reported in
last week's online edition of the journal Nano.
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