Gizmorama

May 19, 2010
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Good Morning,

A prototype adhesive patch that uses nano-technology has
been created by U.S. scientists. Read all about how strong
and versatile this unique prototype is in the first article.

Until Next Time,
Erin

Questions? Comments? Email me at: mailto:gizmo@gophercentral.com
Email your comments=


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Nano adhesive: Better than a gecko's foot

AKRON, Ohio - U.S. researchers say they've created a nano-
technology-based adhesive that has four times the sticking
power of a gecko's feet. Scientists from the University of
Akron and the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute said their
process makes polymer surfaces covered with carbon nanotube
hairs. Led by Renselaer Professor Pulickel Ajayan and Akron
Professor Ali Dhinojwala, the scientists said their proto-
type flexible patch can stick and unstick repeatedly with
properties better than the natural gecko foot. They said
they fashioned their material into an adhesive tape that
can be used on a wide variety of surfaces, including Teflon.
"Several people have tried to use carbon nanotube films and
other fibrous structures as high-adhesive surfaces and to
mimic gecko feet, but with limited success when it comes to
realistic demonstrations of the stickiness and reversibility
that one sees in gecko feet," Ajayan said. "We have shown
the patchy structures from micropatterned nanotubes are
essential for this unique engineering feat to work." The
scientists said their material could have a number of
applications, including feet for wall-climbing robots; a
dry, reversible adhesive in electronic devices; and outer
space, where most adhesives don't work because of the vacuum.
The study that included researchers Lijie Ci, Liehui Ge and
Sunny Sethi appears in the Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences.

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Black hole may be expelled from galaxy

UTRECHT, Netherlands - Scientists from the Netherlands and
international colleagues say X-ray data may document a black
hole being hurled from its parent galaxy. The international
team says its analysis is one possible interpretation of
information gathered by the U.S. Chandra space X-ray observ-
atory, the BBC reported Wednesday. Other explanations are
possible, they say in an article published in the journal
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Each
galaxy usually contains a super-massive black hole at its
center equivalent to 1 billion suns, possibly resulting when
two smaller black holes merge, the scientists say. Super-
computer simulations suggest such mergers could send the
resulting larger black hole away at high speed. However,
this depends on the direction and velocity at which the two
smaller black holes are rotating before they collide, the
scientists say. Marianne Heida of the Netherlands' University
of Utrecht checked hundreds of thousands of sources of X-
rays against the positions of millions of galaxies. In one
galaxy, Heida noticed the point of light was offset from the
center but was so bright it could be associated with a
super-massive black hole. "We have found many more objects
in this strange class of X-ray sources," the BBC quoted
Heida as saying. "With Chandra we should be able to make
the accurate measurements we need to pinpoint them more
precisely and identify their nature."


Astronauts finish first STS-132 spacewalk

HOUSTON - NASA Astronauts Garrett Reisman and Steve Bowen
completed the first of three STS-132 spacewalks Monday in
7 hours and 12 minutes, ending at 3:19 p.m. EDT. In what
had been planned as a 6 1/2-hour spacewalk, the astronauts
installed a new space-to-ground antenna and a spare parts
platform for Dextre, the International Space Station's two-
armed robotic manipulator. The space agency said the new
space-to-ground antenna will increase the space station's
ability to conduct two-way data, voice and video communica-
tions. The men also prepared for the installation of six new
batteries during the second and third spacewalks by loosening
the bolts that hold the old batteries in place. NASA said
the batteries, together, weigh approximately 2,200 pounds.
Officials said the spacewalk -- which began at 7:54 a.m.
EDT -- was the 237th conducted by U.S. astronauts and the
144th in support of International Space Station assembly and
maintenance.

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Scientists create mouse grimace scale

MONTREAL - Canadian researchers say they've created a mouse
grimace scale that shows mice, as do humans, express pain
through their facial expressions. The researchers at the
University of British Columbia and McGill University said
their scale will help identify pain in animals and in humans.
McGill Professor Jeffrey Mogil and UBC Professor Kenneth
Craig and their teams said they discovered that when sub-
jected to moderate pain stimuli, mice showed discomfort
through facial expressions in the same way humans do. They
said the Mouse Grimace Scale they subsequently developed
might inform better treatments for humans and improve
conditions for lab animals. Because pain research relies
heavily on rodent models, an accurate measurement of pain
is paramount in understanding the most pervasive and impor-
tant symptom of chronic pain, namely spontaneous pain, Mogil
said. "The Mouse Grimace Scale provides a measurement
system that will both accelerate the development of new
analgesics for humans, but also eliminate unnecessary
suffering of laboratory mice in biomedical research," Mogil
said. "There are also serious implications for the improve-
ment of veterinary care more generally." He said the re-
search marks the first time scientists have successfully
developed a scale to measure spontaneous responses in animals
that resemble human responses to the same painful states.

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