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Gizmorama

November 25, 2009
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Good Morning,

Another great video today that you can share with all your
relatives at the Thanksgiving get-together! The clip,
featured at the bottom of the newsletter, is a montage of
how special effects have evolved since very early silent
films. It is neat to observe how modern technology applied
in this field has enabled the intricate special effects we
enjoy today.

Until Tomorrow,
Erin

Questions? Comments? Email me at: mailto:gizmo@gophercentral.com
Email your comments=


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NASA readies WISE for December launch

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. - Engineers have started
cooling the science instrument on NASA's Wide-field Infrared
Survey Explorer satellite to be launched next month in Cali-
fornia. WISE, which is to lift off from Vandenberg Air Force
Base Dec. 7, is designed to map the entire sky in infrared
light. "To see infrared light from the cosmos, WISE must be
chilled to out-of-this-world cold temperatures," NASA said.
"This prevents the telescope from picking up its own infrared
glow, or heat. A bottle-like chamber, called a cryostat,
surrounds and cools the telescope and detectors. The cryostat
will be filled with frozen hydrogen, which slowly evaporates
away over a period of about 10 months -- enough time for WISE
to scan the sky one-and-a-half times." NASA engineers are
pumping hydrogen gas into the cryostat's two tanks, one after
the other. Surrounding pipes filled with liquid helium are
used to cool and condense the hydrogen gas to a liquid,
officials explained. Once a tank is filled with liquid hydro-
gen, the liquid helium flow is increased, freezing the hydro-
gen. Ultimately, the hydrogen will be cooled to minus 447
degrees Fahrenheit -- the coldest temperature theoretically
attainable. Scientists said the coldest of the spacecraft's
detectors will operate at about minus 445 degrees Fahrenheit.
Liquid helium will continue to be piped around the cryostat
until 19 hours before launch. At that point, NASA said, WISE
will be perfectly chilled.

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'Star Trek-like' device paralyzes animals

BURNABY, British Columbia - Canadian scientists say they've
created a science fiction-like technology that paralyzes
animals by exposing them to a beam of ultraviolet light. The
researchers at Simon Fraser University say the animals remain
paralyzed until they are exposed to ordinary light. They said
the achievement marks the first demonstration of such a
light-activated switch in animals. Professor Neil Branda and
colleagues said internal light-sensitive materials that
undergo photoreactions have been available for years. But in
the new study, the researchers developed and successfully
tested photoswitching materials composed of dithienylethene,
a light-sensitive substance. The scientists said they grew
transparent, pinhead-sized worms (C. elegans) and fed them
dithienylethene. When exposed to ultraviolet light, the worms
turned blue and became paralyzed. When exposed to visible
light, the dithienylethene became colorless again and the
worms' paralysis ended. The complex research is detailed in
the Journal of the American Chemical Society.


NASA gives Hubble hardware to Smithsonian

WASHINGTON - NASA has given the Smithsonian National Air and
Space Museum two key instruments from the Hubble Space Tele-
scope. The instruments -- the Wide Field and Planetary
Camera 2 (WFPC-2) and the Corrective Optics Space Telescope
Axial Replacement (COSTAR) -- were returned to Earth aboard
space shuttle Atlantis in May after more than 15 years in
space. "This was the camera that saved Hubble," said Ed
Weiler, associate administrator for NASA's Science Mission
Directorate. "I have looked forward for a long time to stand
in front of this very instrument while on display to the pub-
lic." After Hubble's deployment in 1990, scientists realized
the telescope's primary mirror had a flaw that caused fuzzy
images, NASA said. Hubble's first servicing mission in 1993
by space shuttle Endeavour provided the telescope with hard-
ware that acted as eye glasses. The mission added the WFPC-2
and COSTAR. The WFPC-2 provided the optical correction, while
COSTAR provided corrections for other Hubble instruments. The
WFPC-2 recorded more than 135,000 observations of celestial
objects from 1993 to 2009, scientists said, making it the
longest serving and most prolific instrument aboard Hubble.
The Hubble instruments will be on display through mid-Decem-
ber. They then will travel to Southern California to go on
temporary display at several venues before returning to
Washington in March for permanent residence at the Smithson-
ian Air and Space Museum.

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Study looks at viruses attacking bacteria

COLLEGE STATION, Texas - Scientists at Texas A&M University
say they are investigating how some viruses, known for
attacking humans and animals, instead attack bacteria. The
researchers said information about such viral attackers,
called phages or bacteriophages, might aid in the treatment
of bacterial infections. "The phages first attach to the
bacteria and then inject their DNA," said doctoral student
Sun Qingan, co-author of the study. "Then they reproduce
inside the cell cytoplasm." After more than 100 phage part-
icles have been assembled, the next step is to be released
from the bacterial host, so that the progeny virions can
find other hosts and repeat the reproduction cycle, Sun
said. The researchers said besides the cell membrane, the
phages have another obstacle on their way out -- a hard
shell called a cell wall that protects the bacteria. Only
by destroying the cell wall can the phages release their
offspring. They accomplish that by emitting an enzyme that
destroys the wall from inside. The study is detailed in
the journal Nature Structural & Molecular Biology.


VIDEO: 100 Years Of Special Effects

Take a 5-minute break to enjoy the history of special
effects. This is so cool you will watch it several times
and be compelled to forward to your friends. From the
silent era to Benjamin Button, this is special!

http://www.evtv1.com/player.aspx?itemnum=15379

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