Gizmorama
January 13, 2010
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Good Morning,
You see all the thick eye make-up worn by Egyptian woman in
movies and TV shows but did you know that this might not have
been just for style? Scientists are saying that this trendy
look might have been so in order to protect people against
bacterial infections. Check out all the details in the third
article.
Until Next Time,
Erin
Questions? Comments? Email me at: mailto:gizmo@gophercentral.com
Email your comments=
P.S. You can discuss this issue or any other topic in the new
Gizmorama forum. Check it out here...
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Longer growing season cuts tree CO2 intake
BOULDER, Colo. - Western U.S. sub-alpine forests will soak
up less carbon dioxide than they do now as the climate warms
and growing seasons lengthen, a university study found. As
a result, more of the so-called greenhouse gas will be left
to concentrate in the atmosphere, the study by researchers
at the University of Colorado in Boulder indicated. "Our
findings contradict studies of other ecosystems that con-
clude longer growing seasons actually increase plant carbon
uptake," said Jia Hu, who conducted the research as an ecol-
ogy and evolutionary-biology graduate student. While a
smaller spring snowpack tended to advance the onset of spring
and extend the growing season, it also reduced the amount of
water available to forests later in the summer and fall, Hu
and researcher Russell Monson found in their study published
in the February issue of the journal Global Change Biology.
The water-stressed trees were then less able to absorb CO2
-- and summer rains were unable to make up the difference,
the researchers said. "Snow is much more effective than rain
in delivering water to these forests," said Monson, a fellow
with the university's Cooperative Institute for Research in
Environmental Sciences. Even as late in the season as Sept-
ember and October, 60 percent of the water in stems and
needles collected from sub-alpine trees along Colorado's
Front Range could be traced back to spring snowmelt, the
researchers said. Sub-alpine forests -- including lodgepole
pine, sub-alpine fir and Englemann spruce trees growing in
mountainous regions just below the timberline -- account
for 70 percent of the Western U.S. carbon storage area. Their
geographic range includes much of the Rocky Mountains, Sierra
Nevada and high-elevation areas of the Pacific Northwest.
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Russia explores atomic space engine
MOSCOW - Russian is preparing to develop a nuclear-propelled
spacecraft to maintain a competitive edge in the global space
race, officials said. Nearly $17 million has been earmarked
for research this year by Rosatom, the state nuclear corpor-
ation, and Roscosmos, the Russian space agency, RIA Novosti
reported Monday. The design stage is to be completed by 2012
and at least another $580 million would be needed for further
development in the coming decade, Roscosmos chief Anatoly
Perminov said. Nuclear-propelled space ships could be used
for flights to Mars and other planets and to establish a
permanent base on the moon, something Russia's space industry
is incapable of now, Perminov said. Nuclear propulsion and
its high energy efficiency is key to maintaining a competi-
tive edge in the space race, he said.
Ancient eyeliner guard against bacteria
PARIS - Egyptian women in ancient times may have worn thick
eyeliner to guard against bacterial infection, French scien-
tists said. Scientists at the University of Pierre and Marie
Curie tested lead-based substances found in eye makeup from
the time of the pharaohs. The makeup had been preserved at
the Louvre museum in Paris. When cultured on human skin
cells, the lead-based substances, which contained the mineral
laurionite, boosted production of nitric oxide by as much as
240 percent, the scientists wrote in this week's issue of
the journal Analytic Chemistry. Nitric oxide is a signaling
agent that strengthens the immune system to fight disease,
researcher Christian Amatore and his colleagues wrote of
their study. Bacterial eye infections are common in people
living around tropical marshes, such as those of the river
Nile, Amatore said. The findings show why ancient Egyptians
could have believed the makeup had magical properties, the
researchers said.
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Australia's freshwater crocodiles at risk
WADEYE, Australia - Fierce saltwater crocodiles and poiso-
nous cane toads are threatening freshwater crocodiles in
Australia's Northern Territory, researchers said. The number
of freshwater crocs has decreased since the late 1990s in
some rivers around the port of Wadeye, the Australian Broad-
casting Corp. reported Monday. The smaller, more timid,
freshwater crocs are being muscled out in some parts of the
territory by saltwater crocs, which are the world's largest
reptiles and grow to average length of 13 feet. Saltwater
crocs arguably are Australia's most dangerous animal, while
freshwater crocs, which average about 5 feet in length, are
not known for attacking people or other larger mammals,
Australian conservationist Sandy Boulter told the BBC in a
story published Monday. The freshwater crocodiles also are
being harmed by toxic cane toads, which thrive in the region
and have become part of the crocs' diet. "One or two sizable
cane toads can kill quite a sizable freshwater crocodile,"
Boulter said
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